al-Sharq al-Awsaṭ fī muʾallafāt al-Amrīkīyīn - Sarton, George, 1884-1956.; Ettinghausen, Richard.; Wright, Quincy, 1890-1970.; Khadduri, Majid, 1908-2007.; Ziyādah, Muḥammad Muṣṭafá. (Maktabat al-Ānjlū al-Miṣrīyah, 1953)