Geschenke und Steuern, Zölle und Tribute : antike Abgabenformen in Anspruch und Wirklichkeit /
:
This book examines modes of economic contribution in the ancient world through taxes, tribute, or so-called gifts. Specialists in the field of the ancient Near East, Egypt, classical Greece, Rome, and Israel, joined by an economic anthropologist, present a fresh evaluation of the textual and archaeological evidence. A prime question explored is the extent to which these disparate sources complement or contradict each other. State-imposed transactions were often recorded with an ideological bias, much dependent on whether the donors and recipients were viewed as in- or outsiders. The present interdisciplinary approach supplies the basis for the ancient economic terminology of contribution, taking into account the specific cultural context, the language of 'international' policy, and the correlation between modern and ancient termini.
:
Conference proceedings. :
1 online resource. :
Includes bibliographical references and indexes. :
9789047422952 :
Available to subscribing member institutions only.
The Mongol Empire between myth and reality : studies in anthropological history /
:
In The Mongol Empire between Myth and Reality , Denise Aigle presents the Mongol empire as a moment of contact between political ideologies, religions, cultures and languages, and, in terms of reciprocal representations, between the Far East, the Muslim East, and the Latin West. The first part is devoted to "The memoria of the Mongols in historical and literary sources" in which she examines how the Mongol rulers were perceived by the peoples with whom they were in contact. In "Shamanism and Islam" she studies the perception of shamanism by Muslim authors and their attempts to integrate Genghis Khan and his successors into an Islamic framework. The last sections deal with geopolitical questions involving the Ilkhans, the Mamluks, and the Latin West. Genghis Khan's successors claimed the protection of "Eternal Heaven" to justify their conquests even after their Islamization.
:
1 online resource. :
Includes bibliographical references and index. :
9789004280649 :
Available to subscribing member institutions only.