Reburial of nonexistents : reconsidering the Meinong-Russell debate /
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Alexius Meinong claimed to uncover a brave new world of nonexistent objects. He contended that unreal objects, such as the golden mountain and the round square, genuinely had properties (such as nonexistence itself) and therefore, deserved a place in an all-inclusive science. Meinong's notion of nonexistents was initially not well-received, largely due to the influence and criticisms of Bertrand Russell. However, it has gained considerable popularity in more recent years as academics have uncovered shortfalls in Russell's philosophy and strived to explain apparent "facts" about the beingless. Some philosophers have continued Meinong's project, further explaining nonexistent objects or formulating logic systems that incorporate them. The more recent developments beg for a re-examination of Meinongianism. This book does just that, putting the theory on trial. Part One considers if Russell truly defeated Meinongianism. It addresses Meinongian rejoinders in response to Russell's main criticisms and further defends Russell's alternative solution, his Theory of Descriptions. Part Two explores the rationale for nonexistents and their use in interpreting three types of statements: characterization, negative existential, and intentional. The book argues that, despite appearances, Meinongianism cannot plausibly account for its own paradigm claims, whereas Russell's framework, with some further elucidation, can explain these statements quite well. Part Three primarily addresses claims about fiction, exploring the short-comings of Meinongian and Russellian frameworks in interpreting them. The book introduces a contextualization solution and symbolic method for capturing the logical form of such claims - one with the complexity to handle cross-contextual statements, including negative existential and intentional ones. It finally considers where that leaves nonexistent objects, ultimately rejecting such so-called entities.
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1 online resource (viii, 133 pages) :
Includes bibliographical references and index. :
9789401200615 :
Available to subscribing member institutions only.
Words, Deeds, Bodies: J. L. Austin, Wittgenstein, Merleau-Ponty, and Michael Polanyi /
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Words, Deeds, Bodies by Jerry H. Gill concentrates on the interrelationships between speech, accomplishing tasks, and human embodiment. Ludwig Wittgenstein, J. L. Austin, Maurice Merleau-Ponty, and Michael Polanyi have all highlighted these relationships. This book examines the, as yet, unexplored connections between these authors' philosophies of language. It focuses on the relationships between their respective key ideas: Wittgenstein's notion of "language game," Austin's concept of "performative utterances," Merleau-Ponty's idea of "slackening the threads," and Polanyi's understanding of "tacit knowing," noting the similarities and differences between and amongst them.
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1 online resource :
9789004412361
Women and knowledge in early Christianity /
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Women and knowledge are interconnected in several ways in late ancient and early Christian discourses, not least because wisdom (Sophia) and spiritual knowledge (Gnosis) were frequently personified as female entities. Ancient texts deal with idealized women and use feminine imagery to describe the divine but they also debate women's access to and capacity of gaining knowledge. Combining rhetorical analysis with social historical approaches, the contributions in this book cover a wide array of source materials, drawing special attention to the so-called Gnostic texts. The fourteen essays, written by prominent experts of ancient Christianity, are dedicated to Professor Antti Marjanen (University of Helsinki).
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1 online resource (x, 379 pages) :
Includes bibliographical references and index. :
9789004344938 :
0920-623X ; :
Available to subscribing member institutions only.
Uncovering facts and values : studies in contemporary epistemology and political philosophy /
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This volume addresses issues in epistemology, ethics and political philosophy. It contains new papers on issues such as semantic theory of truth, sandwich theory of knowledge, American pragmatism and scepticism, arguments from ignorance, infallibilism and fallibilism, justification and confirmation, Tarski's T-schema, experimental results and ordinary truth, epistemic comparativism and experiments, epiphenomenlism and eliminativism about the mental, the identity theory of truth, thoughts and facts, metaontological maximalism and minimalism, morality and rights, aggregation of value judgements and aggregation of preferences, conditional and unconditional ethics, the role of the theory of evolution in moral epistemology, global and international political community, Rawls' views on cosmopolitanism and global justice, international distributive justice. Contributors are: Tomasz Bigaj, Krzysztof Brzechczyn, Tadeusz Buksiński, Robin Cameron, Jan B. Deręgowski, Nigel Dower, Adam Grobler, Jesper Kallestrup, Adrian Kuźniar, Justyna Miklaszewska, Joanna Miksa, Joanna Odrowąż-Sypniewska, Katarzyna Paprzycka, Krzysztof Posłajko, Wlodek Rabinowicz, John Skorupski, Leslie Stevenson, Piotr Szałek, Tadeusz Szubka, Joseph Ulatowski, Jan Woleński, Rafał Wonicki, Anna Wójtowicz, Renata Ziemińska
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1 online resource (x, 364 pages) :
Includes bibliographical references. :
9789004312654 :
0303-8157 ; :
Available to subscribing member institutions only.
Hinge epistemology /
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In Hinge Epistemology , eminent epistemologists investigate Wittgenstein's concept of basic certainty or 'hinge certainty'. The volume begins by examining the salient features of 'hinges': Are they propositions that enjoy a special kind of non-evidential justification? Are they objects of knowledge or ways of acting mistaken for known propositions? Various attempts are then made to integrate hinges in the development of a viable epistemology: Can they shed light on the conditions of satisfaction for knowledge and justification? Do they offer a solution to scepticism? Finally, the application of hinges is explored in such areas as common knowledge and intellectual loyalty. The volume attests to the importance of hinge certainty and Wittgenstein's On Certainty for mainstream epistemology.
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"Originally published as Volume 6, No. 2-3 (2016) of Brill's journal International Journal for the Study of Skepticism." :
1 online resource. :
Includes bibliographical references and index. :
9789004332386 :
Available to subscribing member institutions only.
Naturalized epistemology and philosophy of science /
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Much has happened in the field of contemporary epistemology since Quine's "Epistemology Naturalized" was published in 1969. Even before Ronald Giere published his article "Philosophy of Science Naturalized," naturalized philosophy of science had been influenced by the so-called historical approach. Kuhm, Lakatos, Feyerabend and Laudan all contributed importantly to this trend. In this light it has emerged, without a doubt, that philosophy of science is closely related to epistemology. This volume explores some of the relevant relations and will be of interest to epistemologists and philosophers of science.
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"The 2006 Soochow international philosophy conference and workshop 'Naturalized Epistemology and Philosophy of Science', held in Taipei, Taiwan ..."--Preface. :
1 online resource (196 pages) : illustrations. :
Includes bibliographical references. :
9789401204361 :
Available to subscribing member institutions only.
Epistemology and the social /
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Epistemology had to come to terms with "the social" on two different occasions. The first was represented by the dispute about the epistemological status of the "social" sciences, and in this case the already well established epistemology of the natural sciences seemed to have the right to dictate the conditions for a discipline to be a science. But the social sciences could successfully vindicate the legitimacy of their specific criteria for scientificity. More recently, the impact of social factors on the construction of our knowledge (including scientific knowledge) has reversed, in a certain sense, the old position and promoted social inquiry to the role of a criterion for evaluating the purport of cognitive (including scientific) statements. But this has undermined the traditional characteristics of objectivity and rigor that seem constitutive of science. Moreover, in order to establish the real extent to which social conditionings have an impact on scientific knowledge one must credit sociology with a sound ground of reliability, and this is not possible without a preliminary "epistemological" assessment. These are some of the topics discussed in this book, both theoretically and with reference to concrete cases.
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Papers presented at a meeting of the International Academy of Philosophy of Science, held Sept. 22-25, 2005, in Tenerife, Canary Islands. :
1 online resource (231 pages) :
Includes bibliographical references. :
9789401206037 :
0303-8157 ; :
Available to subscribing member institutions only.
Scientific realism and democratic society : the philosophy of Philip Kitcher /
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Philip Kitcher is among the key philosophers of science of our times. This volume offers an up to date analysis of his philosophical perspective taking into account his views on scientific realism and democratic society. The contributors to the volume focus on four different aspects of Kitcher's thought: the evolution of his philosophy, his present views on scientific realism, the epistemological analysis of his modest ("real" or "piecemeal") realism, and his conception of scientific practice. In the final chapter, the philosopher replies to his critics. The volume will be of interest to philosophers as well as anyone interested in the relation between science and society.
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Papers presented at a conference held in Spain, at the University of A Coruña, Ferrol campus.
Includes a contribution by Philip Kitcher, entitled Second thoughts (p. [353]-389). :
1 online resource (432 pages) :
Includes bibliographical references and indexes. :
9789401207355 :
Available to subscribing member institutions only.
Politics, patronage, and the transmission of knowledge in 13th-15th century Tabriz /
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In Politics, Patronage and the Transmission of Knowledge in 13th - 15th Century Tabriz , an international group of specialists from different disciplines investigate the role of Tabriz as one of the foremost centres of learning, cultural productivity, and politics in post-Mongol Iran and the Middle East. While standard accounts of Islamicate history have long presented the 13th to 15th centuries as the bottom of the decline paradigm of old, the present volume demonstrates the vibrancy and originality of the intellectual and cultural production of this period by focusing on Tabriz among other capitals of the region. The volume particularly explores the transmission of knowledge and institutional and cultural patronage in the post-Mongol period. Contributors include Reuven Amitai , Nourane Ben Azzouna , Sheila Blair , Devin DeWeese , Joachim Gierlichs , Birgitt Hoffmann , Domenico Ingenito , Robert Morrison , Ertuğrul Ökten , Judith Pfeiffer , Johannes Preiser-Kapeller , F. Jamil Ragep , and Patrick Wing .
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1 online resource. :
Includes bibliographical references and index. :
9789004262577 :
1569-7401 ;
Gregory of Nyssa: Homilies on the Our Father. An English Translation with Commentary and Supporting Studies : Proceedings of the 14th International Colloquium on Gregory of Nyssa (...
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Gregory of Nyssa's Homilies on the Our Father are the second explanation of this central prayer of Christian worship in Greek Antiquity. Composed at the end of the 4th century, these five homilies offer a spiritual and pastoral commentary of the Pater Noster. The present volume, edited by Matthieu Cassin (Paris), Hélène Grelier-Deneux (Paris) and Françoise Vinel (Strasbourg), offers introductory materials, a new English translation, the first edition of the 15th century Latin translation by Athanasios Chalkeopoulos, together with five studies that form a commentary for the different homilies, and nineteen shorter contributions on various aspects of the text. The contributors envisage the text according to exegesis and theology, but also to philosophy, rhetoric and history of Christian communities.
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1 online resource. :
Includes bibliographical references and index. :
9789004463011
9789004463004
A textual history of Cicero's Academici libri /
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This book addresses the problems surrounding Cicero's Academici Libri , including why the work exists in two different editions, why and when the work became fragmentary, and how it managed to survive. It achieves this by tracing the history and influence of the work from Antiquity to the present day. The main part of the book studies the manuscript tradition of the work. All extant manuscripts are fully described and their textual relationships are established. Historical information is assessed in order to show the part which manuscripts played in intellectual life, conclusions are reached on the archetype of the work and a full stemma of the tradition is built. The book contains a wealth of bibliographical information and will serve as a base for further study in the transmission of Cicero's works.
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1 online resource (xv, 341 pages, 4 pages of plates) : illustrations. :
Includes bibliographical references (p. 299-305) and indexes. :
9789004351493 :
0169-8958 ; :
Available to subscribing member institutions only.
Assent and argument : studies in Cicero's Academic books : proceedings of the 7th Symposium Hellenisticum (Utrecht, August 21-25, 1995) /
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Cicero's philosophical works are a rich source for the understanding of Hellenistic philosophy, and his Academic Books are of critical importance for the study of ancient epistemology, especially the central debate between the Academic sceptics and the Stoics. This volume makes Cicero's challenging work accessible to philosophers and historians of philosophy and represents the best current work in both fields. The ten papers published here are the work of leading authorities from North America, England and Europe; they were presented and discussed at the seventh Symposium Hellenisticum at Utrecht, August 1995, and deal with every aspect of the Academic Books , historical, literary and philosophical. Several papers make major contributions to the understanding of ancient scepticism and sceptical arguments, to the role of Socrates in later Greek thought, to the history of the Academy as an institution, and to the philosophical stance of Cicero himself.
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1 online resource (xi, 326 pages) :
Includes bibliographical references and indexes. :
9789004321014 :
0079-1687 ; :
Available to subscribing member institutions only.
New Explorations in Plato's Theaetetus : Belief, Knowledge, Ontology, Reception /
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What is knowledge? This fundamental question is treated with unprecedented depth by Plato in his Theaetetus, where it opens the path to many puzzles and issues we are still coping with in our days: what is the nature of perception, belief, justification, truth? Which objects can be properly known? How are we to account for cognitive mistakes? How can the mind be "in touch" with the world? This book provides fresh, rigorous and original explorations of the main themes of the dialogue by well-established scholars who work on Plato and Platonism, especially on Plato's theory of knowledge.
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Through the explorations of excellent scholars, this book provides a new understanding of Plato's Theaetetus, an absolute masterpiece which contains fundamental insights - about the nature of human cognition, perception, rationality - which are still at the centre of the contemporary debate. :
1 online resource. :
Includes bibliographical references and index. :
9789004516014
9789004516021
Thinking, knowing, acting : epistemology and ethics in Plato and ancient Platonism /
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The volume Thinking, Knowing, Acting: Epistemology and Ethics in Plato and Ancient Platonism aims to offer a fresh perspective on the correlation between epistemology and ethics, a topic of central importance in the Platonic tradition which has not yet received the attention it deserves. The first part deals with the social, juridical premises of Plato's philosophy, with particular regard to the relation between science and practical reason. The second part investigates the reception and development of these problems in Aristotle and the Platonic tradition. Other papers, on Solon and Galen, show that the conflict between knowledge and political action was also a central topic for the other Greek thinkers and contribute by contrast to a better evaluation of the originality of Platonism.
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1 online resource. :
9789004398993 :
2452-2945;
Interpreting Aristotle's Posterior analytics in late antiquity and beyond
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This collection of essays highlights Ancient, Byzantine and Medieval developments in the discussion of scientific method and argument in the comment(arie)s on Aristotle's Posterior Analytics and related methodological passages in the Aristotelian corpus. Despite the importance of these discussions, the larger part of the commentary tradition on the Posterior Analytics still remains uncharted. The contributors to this volume identify and explore three important strands of interpretation, viz. (1) the reception of Aristotle's logic of inquiry and theory of concept formation in Posterior Analytics II 19; (2) the influence of the Posterior Analytics on the evaluation of metaphysics as a science; and (3) the reception of Aristotle's theory of demonstration, definition, and causation in Posterior Analytics book II.
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1 online resource. :
Includes bibliographical references (p. [235]-254) and indexes. :
9789004201828 :
Available to subscribing member institutions only.
Theories of weight in the ancient world : four essays on Democritus, Plato, and Aristotle : a study in the development of ideas. Volume 1, Democritus, weight and size, an exercise...
: 1 online resource (xxi, 419 pages) : Includes bibliographical references (p. 385-401) and index. : 9789004320581 : Available to subscribing member institutions only.