comparative archives » comparative variables (توسيع البحث), comparative studies (توسيع البحث), comparative perspectives (توسيع البحث)
appendix based » appendix brief (توسيع البحث), appendix baghdad (توسيع البحث)
Excursions into Syntactic Databases /
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This book is about syntactic databases (a.k.a. treebanks), collections of text material in which the syntactic relations have been made visible. It starts off with a general intro-duction to the subject and then continues with three in-depth investigations of more specialized aspects. In the introduction, syntactic databases are first placed in the larger context of linguistic databases , text collections with a broader linguistic annotation than just a syntactic one. Then some examples of syntactic databases are given, illustrating the range of annotation actually encountered. The introduction is completed with an investigation of database management systems for syntactic databases. The first in-depth investigation concerns the treatment of ambiguous structures in syntactic analysis trees, focussing on a very efficient representation for such structures and the means to create this representation. Next, classroom use of syntactic databases is examined. A computer program for this purpose, CLUES, is discussed, along with a suggested series of syntax exercises. The final subject is the importance of including function and attribute information in the annotation of texts. The central line of investigation here is a probabilistic parsing experiment in which the use of function and attribute information is the main variable.
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1 online resource (192 pages) : illustrations. :
Includes bibliographical references and index. :
9789004657328
The European Bank for Reconstruction and Development : A Comparative Analysis of the Constituent Agreement /
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In May 1990, forty countries, together with the European Economic Community and the European Investment Bank, signed the Agreement establishing the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development. This book analyses the Agreement, concentrating on the three main areas relevant to the activities of the EBRD: its financing, its operations, and its organisation and management. The EBRD will be a unique institution, charged with facilitating Eastern Europe's transition to a market economy.
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1 online resource (240 pages) : illustrations. :
Includes bibliographical references and index. :
9789004639898
The Bakhshālī Manuscript : An Ancient Indian Mathematical Treatise /
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The Bakhshālī Manuscript is an old birch-bark manuscript which treats mathematics in Sanskrit. It was unearthed by a farmer in AD 1881 at the small village of Bakhshālī, about eighty kilometers north-east of Peshawar, one of the important trading centers of the ancient Gandhāra district (now Pakistan). It was studied by eminent Indologists and historians of mathematics of the time, yet a number of mathematical rules and examples in it were either left undeciphered or misunderstood due to the fragmentary nature of the manuscript, the irregularities of the language, and the fact that the study of the history of Indian mathematics was in an early stage. The dating of the manuscript as well as of the work in it has also been long a matter of controversy. The dates estimated range from the early centuries of the Christian era to the twelfth century. The situation has been much improved, however, by quite a few studies on Indian mathematics that appeared after those pioneering works, and by the publication of two Sanskrit works, Bhāskara's commentary on the Aryabhaṭīya and Srīdhara's Paṭīgaṇita with an old commentary, which have greatly enhanced our knowledge of Indian mathematics of the seventh and eighth centuries. This book offers a fresh translation of the manuscript, the first English translation of the whole text based on a systematic study of linguistic peculiarities, and a mathematical commentary based on a comparative study of the Bakhshālī work and other Sanskrit mathematical texts, including the two mentioned above. The Introduction attempts to locate the Bakhshālī work properly within the history of Indian mathematics.
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Includes bibliographical references and index. :
9789004646643
The Rāsa Māna ke Pada of Kevalarāma : A Medieval Hindi Text of the Eighth Gaddī of the Vallabha Sect /
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This book of the well-known Braj specialist, Prof Dr A.W. Entwistle (University of Washington), focuses on the medieval tradition of the eighth branch of the Vallabha sect. The lengthy introduction deals with the sectarian background of the branch, including a survey of the relevant tradition and history of medieval Vaiṣṇava devotion as a whole and the Vallabha sect in particular. It discusses the structure of the Puṣṭimārga and its gaddīs, or branches, since Rāsa Māna ke Pada is part of the literary heritage of the sect's Eighth Gaddī which, until partition in 1947, was based at Dera Ghazi Khan (now in Pakistan). It gives a , survey of the life and works of the founders of this gaddī, ŚrI Lālajī, and of his grandson Kevalarāma. Due attention is also paid to the language of the text and in an appendix a comparative etymological glossary is given that cites examples from other Braj Bhāṣā authors in order to support interpretations of the more obscure words and idioms. The main part of the book consists of a critical edition of the Rāsa Māna ke Pada , a collection of poems attributed to Kevalarāma, and an annotated translation into English.
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Includes bibliographical references and index. :
9789004646629
Kinship, Status and Gender in South Celebes /
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H.Th. Chabot's Ph.D. thesis, Verwantschap, stand en sexe in Zuid-Celebes (1950), is an important source for the anthropology of South Celebes. Chabot's study, based on fieldwork in the 1940s provides insights into social relationships in a South Celebes village, focusing on demographic and spatial data, systems of marriage and the position of women. His observations are of great value for historical-comparative work. This English translation makes Chabot's study accessible to a new generation of researchers. Added to the translation are a biography of H.Th. Chabot (1910-1970) and a biography of is scholarly work, as well as an extensive introduction by Martin Rössler and Birgit Röttger-Rössler, placing Chabot's contribution in the context of other work on Macassarese and Buginese society.
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Includes bibliographical references and index. :
9789004644304
Horos Dios : An Athenian Shrine and Cult of Zeus /
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In five chapters this volume 1) offers new evidence for the form, date, and meaning of an Archaic rupestral horos of Zeus on the Hill of the Nymphs in Athens, 2) reports and interprets for the first time many rock cuttings as remnants of the shrine of Zeus implied by the horos inscription, 3) argues from scattered artifacts of Zeus found in central and western Athens and from comparative archaeological evidence that this shrine was devoted primarily to the popular cult of Zeus Meilichios, 4) presents evidence and arguments that other deities, including Herakles Alexikakos, were worshipped at this shrine, and 5) summarizes the chronology of this cult and shrine in their historical and topographical contexts. An Appendix assembles all the testimonia to Zeus Meilichios in Attica.
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1 online resource. :
Includes bibliographical references and index. :
9789047417392
9789004147416
The Guritan of Radin Suane : a study of the Besemah oral epic from South Sumatra /
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This study presents the text and translation of an oral epic, or guritan , relating the exploits of Radin Suane, which was recorded during anthropological fieldwork among the Besemah, in the remote highlands of South Sumatra. Documentation of an epic in Besemah, a little known Sumatran-Malay language, will be useful for comparative purposes to specialists in Malaysian and Indonesian languages and literatures. This work is also intended to serve students of ethnography, folklore and oral poetry, as well as general readers who may not be familiar with Sumatran culture. Accordingly, an extensive commentary has been provided to give a cultural context for understanding this epic.
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Includes bibliographical references and index. :
9789004644298