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Myth, History and Archaeology : Essays and Reviews, 2000-2025 /
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A bronze mirror of the fourth century BC shows a she-wolf suckling infant twins. You may think that's a familiar story, but who are the other figures in the scene, and why is there a lion so prominent in the foreground? The image typifies the problems involved in studying the history and evolution of mythic stories in the ancient world. This collection of studies, prompted by a famous archaeologist's quasi-historical reinterpretation of the Romulus legend, seeks to achieve greater clarity by avoiding abstract concepts like 'oral tradition' or 'cultural memory' and paying close attention to what the primary sources presuppose.
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1 online resource (344 pages) : illustrations. :
Includes bibliographical references and index. :
9789004742901
Dikes and Society in Rural China: The Jianghan Plain, 1788-2010s /
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To feed an ever-growing population in a water-rich region, the people of the Jianghan Plain in Central China constantly built dikes and polders. As China's political system changed dramatically from 1788 to the 2010s, the governance of Jianghan's dikes and polders also changed, moving from indirect supervision by the state to direct management. This shift has dramatically improved the security of the dike systems and has had a profound impact on the Jianghan people's lives. Based on rarely used local gazetteers and newly available archival materials, this book uses a multidimensional interactive approach to explore water control and state-society relations in rural China over the past three centuries.
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1 online resource (428 pages) : illustrations. :
Includes bibliographical references and index. :
9789004739482
Hardships and Downfall of Buddhism in India /
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Buddhism originated as an antinomial system, facing the opposition of both vaidika and theistic Brahmans, who socially identified themselves with the agrarian world. The two models of society generated in early historical India never merged, and Buddhism was gradually and often violently reduced to impotence. It was Gupta rule that first checkmated the antinomial model of the Buddhists. Whereas in the open society traders, landowners and 'tribals' coexisted, from Gupta times onwards pressure on kings and direct Brahmanical rule led to the requisition of land and the imposition of a varna state society. Doctrinal debates, which soon turned into ordeals, were instrumental in the suppression of the Buddhist elite, mainly formed by intellectuals of Brahmanical descent, this being proof of a dramatic rift in the brahmanavarna. The Vajrayana, which was the Buddhist response to this state of affairs, originated and grew under Pala rule and expansionism, and was characterized by a decisive opening towards the outcast and the theorization of violence. This set off a conflict whose scope and significance are still poorly understood. It was eventually the compromise between the orthodox powers and the Muslims that caused the final downfall of Buddhism. The former were obliged to transfer political power to the latter but had a free hand in social repression. The book draws mainly on Brahmanical sources, both literary and iconographic, which are abundant and insufficiently exploited, as well as or archaeological evidence, hardly every resorted.
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1 online resource (524 pages) : illustrations. :
Includes bibliographical references and index. :
9789004752740