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Nalanda Mahavihara : A Critical Analysis of the Archaeology of an Indian Buddhist Site /
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From the 1860s, substantial ruins in the Indian state of Bihar identified as Nālandā Māhavihāra, were of scholarly interest because the monastery was mentioned in the travel accounts of seventh century Chinese monks. From 1916 until 1938, the Archaeological Survey of India systematically excavated, documented, illustrated, and gave continuity to the site. However, ASI 'historic' procedures were severely criticized in the 1940s. The ASI was reorganized and reoriented to 'modern scientific' methods. No new excavation took place at the site until 1973. Between 1973 and 1983, the Sarai Mound was exposed, but whereas in the earlier ASI accounts, photographs, diagrams, and considerable supportive material were part of the report, the 'modern scientific' approach did not include this information. Nor was there any effort to correlate this find with earlier archaeology. This critical analysis is concerned with the consequences of such a radical change in the way archaeology was conducted in India. It attempts to look at the history of the archaeology in the relevant historical and intellectual context in order to show that valuable lessons were lost through failure to update and evaluate previous reports in the years following the shift in orientation. The work looks more closely at the Chinese texts with reference to what they say about other Buddhist sites. And it attempts to bridge the gap between the two archaeological approaches by placing the site (and by extension, other Indian sites) in a different perspective, thereby opening doors to a variety of related disciplines and studies.
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1 online resource (292 pages) : illustrations. :
Includes bibliographical references and index. :
9789004752948
Le Brutus de Ciceron : rhetorique, politique et histoire culturelle /
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Rédigé par Cicéron en 46 av. J.-C., le Brutus se présente comme une histoire de l'éloquence romaine depuis ses origines et ses sources grecques jusqu'à l'époque de sa rédaction, mais entend surtout répondre aux défis institutionnels et intellectuels qu'a fait naître la dictature de César. Le traité autorise ainsi des lectures très diverses, qui sont souvent restées isolées les unes des autres. À travers une approche pluridisciplinaire rassemblant des contributeurs de spécialités diverses, cet ouvrage cherche à rendre compte de la réflexion cicéronienne dans toute sa richesse en examinant les enjeux historiographiques, prosopographiques, rhétoriques, philosophiques et politiques du traité. Il propose une réflexion synthétique et originale sur ce texte majeur, essentiel à la compréhension de la République tardive. Cicero's dialogue Brutus offers a history of Roman eloquence from its origins and Greek roots up to the time of the work's composition (46 BC) in the late Republic. It forms part of Cicero's response to the political and intellectual changes brought about by Caesar's dictatorship and has therefore attracted considerable scholarly attention from a number of fields. However, scholarly discourse has frequently remained isolated. This volume addresses the need to look at Cicero's treatise from an interdisciplinary angle and assembles contributions from scholars of historiography, prosopography, rhetoric, philosophy and politics. It thus puts forward a coherent and genuine interpretation of Cicero's Brutus that showcases the significance of this text for our understanding of the final years of the Roman Republic.
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1 online resource. :
Includes bibliographical references and index. :
9789004278738 :
0169-8958 ; :
Available to subscribing member institutions only.
Selected writings on ethics and politics /
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Celebrated today for his groundbreaking work in logic and the foundations of mathematics, Bernard Bolzano (1781-1848) was best known in his own time as a leader of the reform movement in his homeland (Bohemia, then part of the Austrian Empire). As professor of religious science at the Charles University in Prague from 1805 to 1819, Bolzano was a highly visible public intellectual, a courageous and determined critic of abuses in Church and State. Based in large part on a carefully argued utilitarian practical philosophy, he developed a non-violent program for the reform of the authoritarian institutions of the Empire, which he himself set in motion through his teaching and other activities. Rarely has a philosopher had such a great impact on the political culture of his homeland. This volume contains a substantial collection of Bolzano's writings on ethics and politics, translated into English for the first time. It includes a complete translation of the treatise On the Best State , his principal writings on ethics, an essay on the contemporary situation in Ireland, and a selection of his Exhortations, dealing with such topics as enlightenment, civil disobedience, the status of women, anti-Semitism and Czech-German relations in Bohemia. It will be of particular interest to students of central European philosophy and history, and more generally to philosophers and historians of ideas.
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1 online resource (368 pages) :
Includes bibliographical references and index. :
9789401204002 :
Available to subscribing member institutions only.