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Trade, Transport and Tanda : Shifting Identities of the Banjaras /
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The Banjaras were primarily a nomadic group. During the reign of Alauddin Khalji they were organized to collect grains from the country-side for smooth running of the market reforms. Later, they became an indispensable part of the Mughal economy and acquired a very important role as transporters for the empire and even continued with the same status under the East India Company. Banjaras were not only the suppliers, traders or transporters they also served as the commissariat for the Mughals and John Company. The main items they transported were non perishable goods mainly; grains and salt. Based on Chittiyat, Arzdasht and Arshatta documents archived at Rajasthan State Archives, Bikaner and travelogues, this volume focuses not only on the role and organization of Banjaras and Tanda but also on the shifting identity of Banjaras from nomadic to criminal over a period of time. The introduction of railways in India drastically changed the fate of these born transporters of the empire. The change of regime and the introduction of a new mode of transport led to the marginalization of the Banjaras and their practical elimination from the economic activities of the subcontinent.
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1 online resource (260 pages) : illustrations. :
Includes bibliographical references and index. :
9789004752320
How Heaven Works : The Collective Shamanic Journeys of Phạm Công Tắc and the Syncretic Afterworld of Caodaism /
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In 1948, Vietnam's great 20th Century mystic Phạm Công Tắc (1890-1959) began a series of sermons making Caodaism's claims to universal salvation the clearest. In only two decades, Caodaism had stamped its fast-growing presence on the nation. With potent creative and poetic skill Phạm Công Tắc invited his co-religionists to take a shamanic journey with him to examine the heavens and literally see how they would be saved. The 35 sermons translated here are provided with a commentary and extensive introduction by Hartney. How Heaven Works is a fascinating insight into the deep connection between shamanic atmosphere, literature, and Modern syncretic concepts of salvation. See Less
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1 online resource (385 pages) : illustrations. :
Includes bibliographical references and index. :
9789004697935
Faiblesse et force, presidence et collegialite chez Paul de Tarse : recherche littéraire et théologique sur 2 Co 10-13 dans le contexte du genre épistolaire antique /
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In 2 Cor. 10-13, as in the entire Pauline corpus, the use of the first person plural is surprising. Paul oscillates between singular ('I') and plural ('We'), sometimes within the same sentence. While this literary feature has never been seriously explored, this study undertakes in the first part an investigation of the meanings of 'we' in ancient Greek texts through several literary genres, from Homer to the Hellenistic period. The second part, devoted to 2 Cor. 10-13, shows the neat architecture of these chapters, and the way the key theological message about weakness (ἀσθένεια) and power (δύναμις) is delivered. Also the occurrences of 'We' and 'I' throughout the text reveal a further underlying theology of authority. En 2 Co 10-13, mais aussi dans l'ensemble du corpus paulinien, l'utilisation de la première personne du pluriel est surprenante. Paul passe souvent du 'je' au 'nous', et inversement, parfois dans la même phrase. Ce trait littéraire n'ayant pas encore été examiné de manière approfondie, la présente étude commence par une enquête sur les sens du 'nous' dans plusieurs genres littéraires - dont le genre épistolaire - d'Homère jusqu'à l'époque hellénistique. La seconde partie, consacrée à 2 Co 10-13, montre l'architecture soignée de ces chapitres ainsi que la manière dont Paul communique le message théologique sur la faiblesse (ἀσθένεια) et la force (δύναμις). L'alternance des 'nous' et des 'je' exprime en outre une véritable théologie de l'autorité apostolique.
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1 online resource (xiii, 730 pages) :
Includes bibliographical references and index. :
9789004290563 :
0167-9732 ; :
Available to subscribing member institutions only.
Shunet el-Zebib Documentation and Conservation
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The funerary monument of King Khasekhemwy in Abydos is also known as the Shunet el-Zebib. Little is known about King Khasekhemwy, the last king of the Second Dynasty, but his reign ended in 2686 BC, making Shunet el-Zebib among the oldest surviving mud-brick structures in the world and the best example of Egypt’s earliest tradition of royal mortuary building. Funding from the Egyptian Antiquities Project (EAP) between 1999 and 2006 resulted in documentation and conservation of approximately 50% of the 200-meter perimeter using newly made mud bricks of the same size and originally sourced materials to re-establish structural integrity.
Follow-up funding provided under a subsequent USAID grant in 2010 enabled team members to continue with the stabilization and conservation of the enclosure, parts of which still risked collapse. The precarious situation at the Shunet el-Zebib was evidenced by its inclusion in the World Monuments Fund’s 2008 Watch List of the World’s 100 Most Endangered Sites.
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3788 pics :
Conservation of the monument was originally funded through the American Research Center in Egypt's Egyptian Antiquities Project (ARCE-EAP) under United States Agency for International Development (USAID) Agreement No. 263-G-00-93-00089-00 (1999-2006) and subsequently funded through ARCE's Egyptian Antiquities Conservation Project (ARCE-EAC) under USAID Agreement No. 263-A-00-04-00018-00 (2010-2012).
Der Aufbau des Sasanidenreiches : Administration und Eliten im Vergleich zum Römischen Reich (Band 2) /
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Das Werk präsentiert in zwei Bänden das erste umfassende Gesamtkonzept der Verwaltungs- und Gesellschaftsstruktur des Sasanidenreiches (5.-7. Jh.). In zeitgenössischen Lederdokumenten, Siegeln, Ostraka, Inschriften und Texten, die hier erstmals zusammengeführt werden, berichten die Untertanen des Königs der Könige in Wort und Bild über ihr Leben in den verschiedenen Provinzen des Reiches, über die Organisation der militärischen, zivilen und religiösen Verwaltung sowie über die Kreise der Macht am Hof ihres Herrschers. Zugleich bietet dieses Werk den ersten systematischen Strukturvergleich mit dem Oströmischen Reich, so dass hier die Organisationen von gleich zwei antiken Großreichen mit einer Fülle von unterstützenden Abbildungen, Schemata und Karten behandelt werden. Dabei geht es um nicht weniger als die Beantwortung der Frage, inwieweit Ērānšahr und das Imperium Romanum tatsächlich die "zwei Augen, die die Welt von oben erleuchten" waren, wie der Großkönig Husraw II einst behauptet haben soll (Theophylaktos). The work provides in two volumes the first comprehensive overall concept of the administrative and social structure of the Sasanian Empire (5th-7th century). In contemporary leather documents, seals, ostraca, inscriptions and texts, which are brought together here for the first time, the subjects of the king of kings report in words and pictures on their lives in the various provinces of the empire, on the organisation of the military, civil and religious administration and on the circles of power at the court of their ruler. At the same time, this work offers the first systematic structural comparison with the Eastern Roman Empire, so that the organisations of two ancient empires are treated here with a wealth of supporting illustrations, diagrams and maps. The aim is nothing less than to answer the question of the extent to which Ērānšahr and the Imperium Romanum really were the "two eyes that illuminate the world from above", as the Great King Husraw II is said to have once claimed (Theophylaktos).
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Includes bibliographical references and index. :
9789004737013
Der Aufbau des Sasanidenreiches : Administration und Eliten im Vergleich zum Römischen Reich (Band 1) /
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Das Werk präsentiert in zwei Bänden das erste umfassende Gesamtkonzept der Verwaltungs- und Gesellschaftsstruktur des Sasanidenreiches (5.-7. Jh.). In zeitgenössischen Lederdokumenten, Siegeln, Ostraka, Inschriften und Texten, die hier erstmals zusammengeführt werden, berichten die Untertanen des Königs der Könige in Wort und Bild über ihr Leben in den verschiedenen Provinzen des Reiches, über die Organisation der militärischen, zivilen und religiösen Verwaltung sowie über die Kreise der Macht am Hof ihres Herrschers. Zugleich bietet dieses Werk den ersten systematischen Strukturvergleich mit dem Oströmischen Reich, so dass hier die Organisationen von gleich zwei antiken Großreichen mit einer Fülle von unterstützenden Abbildungen, Schemata und Karten behandelt werden. Dabei geht es um nicht weniger als die Beantwortung der Frage, inwieweit Ērānšahr und das Imperium Romanum tatsächlich die "zwei Augen, die die Welt von oben erleuchten" waren, wie der Großkönig Husraw II einst behauptet haben soll (Theophylaktos). The work provides in two volumes the first comprehensive overall concept of the administrative and social structure of the Sasanian Empire (5th-7th century). In contemporary leather documents, seals, ostraca, inscriptions and texts, which are brought together here for the first time, the subjects of the king of kings report in words and pictures on their lives in the various provinces of the empire, on the organisation of the military, civil and religious administration and on the circles of power at the court of their ruler. At the same time, this work offers the first systematic structural comparison with the Eastern Roman Empire, so that the organisations of two ancient empires are treated here with a wealth of supporting illustrations, diagrams and maps. The aim is nothing less than to answer the question of the extent to which Ērānšahr and the Imperium Romanum really were the "two eyes that illuminate the world from above", as the Great King Husraw II is said to have once claimed (Theophylaktos).
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Includes bibliographical references and index. :
9789004736320