taxation middle » relations middle (توسيع البحث), education middle (توسيع البحث)
trade history » tragedy history (توسيع البحث), france history (توسيع البحث), rome history (توسيع البحث)
pre history » empire history (توسيع البحث), rome history (توسيع البحث), life history (توسيع البحث)
The Middle East in the New Millenium /
:
This book is an in-depth portret of investment opportunity in the Middle East as it stands today. For each of sixteen countries, the author provides in-depth analysis of current economic, political, and business issues, with detailed attention to legislation in such vital areas as currency and banking, intellectual property rights, investment incentives, trade regulation, business form and structures, taxation, and the laws applicable to labor and environmental issues, as well as a desciption of relevant judicial procedures. The Middle East in the New Millenium represents the clearest indication we have yet of the prospects for crystallization of this region and the likely pace and aspect of economic liberalization.
:
1 online resource. :
Includes bibliographical references and index. :
9789004480681
9789041188441
State and Peasant in the Ottoman Empire : Agrarian Power Relations and Regional Economic Development in Ottoman Anatolia during the Sixteenth Century /
:
State and Peasant in the Ottoman Empire studies the dynamics of Ottoman peasant economy in the sixteenth century. First, it shows that contrary to the conventional wisdom about the 'stationariness'of the Asian agrarian economies, Ottoman peasant economy witnessed substantial growth in response to population increase, urban commercial expansion and to increased taxation demands. Second, the book argues that economic development did not take place independently of political structures, of the state. This meant that in the light of the fiscal and legitimation concerns of the Ottoman state and contrary to the assumptions of the models of economic development, changes in population and in commercial demand did not result in the disruption of the integrity of the small peasant holding as the primary unit of production. The book develops these arguments in the context of a detailed empirical study of the economic trends, of the state rules or institutions that embodied the relations of revenue extraction, and of exchange in Ottoman Anatolia.
:
1 online resource (312 pages) : illustrations. :
Includes bibliographical references and index. :
9789004660830
Forging urban solidarities : Ottoman Aleppo 1640-1700 /
:
As with most empires of the Early Modern period (1500-1800), the Ottomans mobilized human and material resources for warmaking on a scale that was vast and unprecedented. The present volume examines the direct and indirect effects of warmaking on Aleppo, an important Ottoman administrative center and Levantine trading city, as the empire engaged in multiple conflicts, including wars with Venice (1644-69), Poland (1672-76) and the Hapsburg Empire (1663-64, 1683-99). Focusing on urban institutions such as residential quarters, military garrisons, and guilds, and using intensively the records of local law courts, the study explores how the routinization of direct imperial taxes and the assimilation of soldiers to civilian life challenged - and reshaped - the city's social and political order.
:
1 online resource. :
9789004193307 :
1380-6076 ; :
Available to subscribing member institutions only.