The Animal Names of the Arab Ancestors : Explaining the Non-human Names of Arab Kinship Groups, Volume 2-1 Appendices /

In the Arab world, people belong to kinship groups (lineages and tribes). Many lineages are named after animals, birds, and plants. Why? This survey evaluates five old explanations - "totemism," "emulation of predatory animals," "ancestor eponymy," "nicknaming,&quo...

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Main Author: Young, William C. (Author)

Format: eBook

Language: English

Published: Leiden ; Boston : Brill, 2024.

Series: Handbook of Oriental Studies. Section 1 The Near and Middle East ; 178.2-1.
Middle East and Islamic Studies E-Books Online, Collection 2024.

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Call Number: HM425

Table of Contents:
  • Acknowledgements
  • List of Figures and Tables
  • Abbreviations
  • Volume 1
  • 1 Explaining the Non-human Names of Arab Kinship Groups
  •  1 The Puzzle: Why Use Terms for Non-human Species as Names for People and Groups?
  •  2 The Importance of Kinship Group Names and the Mundane Elements of Culture
  •  3 The Distinctiveness of Arab Names for Kinship Groups in Comparative Perspective
  •  4 A Traditional Explanation of Kinship Group Names: The "Predatory Animals" Hypothesis
  •  5 Exceptions to the "Predatory Animals" Hypothesis: Why Use the Names of Vermin and Other Valueless Species as Personal and Tribal Names?
  •  6 Robertson Smith's Solution: "Totemism"
  •  7 Comparing the Arab Case with More Elaborated Cases of "Totemism"
  •  8 The Lingering Traces of "Totemism" in Scholarship about the Middle East
  •  9 Evaluating Nöldeke's Explanations: The Inadequacy of the Anecdotal Approach
  •  10 Testing Nöldeke's Explanations of Why Animal Names Are Given to Groups
  •  11 A New Explanation: "Obscuring Internal Cleavages"
  •  12 Deriving Testable Hypotheses from the "Obscuring Internal Cleavages" Explanation
  •  13 The Broader Context: The Meanings of Arab Tribal Names
  •  14 How to Read the Remaining Chapters in This Book
  • 2 Compiling a Data Base of Arab Kinship Groups Named after Natural Species
  •  1 The Starting Point: Finding a Suitable List of Arab Kinship Groups
  •  2 The Difficulties of Translation
  •  3 The Process of Comparing Terms for Natural Species with Kinship Group Names
  • 3 Methods for Compiling a List of Arabic Terms for Birds
  •  1 Theoretical Background: Anthropological Research on Folk Taxonomies and the Definition of Arabic Bird Terms
  •  2 Obstacles That Complicate the Comparison of Bird Terms with Kinship Group Names
  • 4 Finding and Translating Arabic Terms for Mammals
  •  1 The Difficulty of Defining Non-taxonomic Terms for Mammals in Modern Standard Arabic
  •  2 The Impact of Classical and Early Islamic Scholarship on Arabic Biological Terminology
  •  3 An Alternative to Standard Dictionaries: Local Tradition
  •  4 The Utility and Limits to the Usefulness of Local Tradition for Defining Animal Terms in Arabic
  •  5 An Artificial Hierarchy of Arabic Animal Terms
  •  6 Additional Terms for Mammals below the Species Level of Classification
  •  7 Problems in Comparing Terms for Mammals with Kinship Group Names
  • 5 Arabic Terms for Plants, Insects, Reptiles, and Marine Life
  •  1 Problems in Collecting Terms for Plants
  •  2 Terms for Insects and Spiders, Reptiles and Amphibians, and Marine Life
  • 6 Evaluating Existing Explanations in Light of Empirical Evidence
  •  1 The "Predatory Animals" Hypothesis
  •  2 Testing the "Ancestor Eponymy" Hypothesis: Comparing the Personal Names of Ancestors with the Collective Names of Kinship Groups
  •  3 "Nickname Eponymy" as an Explanation of Group Names Derived from Terms for Natural Species
  •  4 The "Naturalistic" Explanation
  • 7 Group Names, Bedouin Social Organization, and the Flow of Information
  •  1 Two Ideal Types of Social Organization in the Arab World: The Bedouin Tribe and the Sedentary Tribe
  •  2 Sedentary Tribes That Have Bedouin Features
  •  3 Conflict Resolution and Bedouin Control Over Genealogical Information
  •  4 The Bedouin Tribe as a Stratified Collection of Peripheral Groups around a Core of Kin
  •  5 Economic Inequality and Political Stratification in Bedouin Tribes
  •  6 Geography and Political Stratification in Bedouin Tribes
  •  7 The Attachment of Foreign Elements to the Bedouin Tribe
  •  8 The Cultural Dimension: Native Representations of Attachment to the Tribe
  •  9 Using Non-human Names for Kinship Groups as "Empty Ciphers" that Conceal Foreign Origins
  • 8 Tests of the New Explanation
  •  1 The Heterogeneous Composition of Bedouin Tribes
  •  2 Test Number One: A Search for a Correlation between Variation in Tribal Heterogeneity and Variation in the Names Chosen for Kinship Groups
  •  3 A Second Test of the "Obscuring Internal Cleavages" Hypothesis: Comparing Bedouin with Non-Bedouin
  • 9 Conclusions: Varying Levels of Support for Five Hypotheses
  •  1 The Goals of the Analysis
  •  2 The Goals of This Book
  •  3 Topics for Future Research
  • References
  • Index
  • Volume 2/1
  • Acknowledgements
  • List of Figures and Tables
  • Abbreviations
  • Appendix A: List of Taxonomic Bird Terms in Arabic
  • Appendix B: List of Non-taxonomic Bird Terms in Arabic
  • Appendix C: Comparison of Standard Arabic Bird Terminology with Two Sets of Colloquial Arabic Terms (after Zalat and Gilbert 2008: 164-197 and Hobbs 1989: 129-133)
  • Appendix D: List of Taxonomic Terms for Mammals in Arabic
  • Appendix E: List of Non-taxonomic Terms for Mammals in Arabic
  • Appendix F: List of Taxonomic Plant Terms in Arabic
  • Appendix G: List of Non-taxonomic Plant Terms in Arabic
  • Appendix H: List of Terms for Insects, Spiders, and Scorpions in Arabic
  • Appendix I: List of Terms for Reptiles and Amphibians in Arabic
  • Appendix J: List of Terms for Marine Life (Fish, Sharks, Corrals, Etc.) in Arabic
  • Volume 2/2
  • Appendix K: List of Kinship Groups Named after Birds
  • Appendix L: List of Kinship Groups Named After Mammals
  • Appendix M: List of Kinship Groups Named after Plants
  • Appendix N: List of Kinship Groups Named after Insects, Spiders, and Scorpions
  • Appendix O: List of Kinship Groups Named after Reptiles and Amphibians
  • Appendix P: List of Kinship Groups Named after Types of Marine Life
  • Appendix Q: Ancestor Eponymy: Kinship Group Names Derived from
  • Biological Terms That Are Also Used as Personal Names
  • Appendix R: List of Nicknames Derived from Terms for Natural Species Found in the Onomasticon Arabicum
  • Appendix S: Non-genealogical Names of Tribes, Sub-tribes, and Clans in Nineteenth-Century Palestine
  • Appendix T: List of Sedentary Kinship Groups Named after Natural Species in Northern Jordan.